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HS-ESS2-4 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Systems – Evidence Statement 4 HS-ESS2-4: Use a model to describe how variations in the flow of energy into and out of Earth’s systems result in changes in climate. [Clarification Statement: Examples of the causes of climate change differ by timescale, over 1-10 years: large volcanic eruption, ocean circulation; 10-100s of years: changes in human activity, ocean circulation, solar output; 10-100s of thousands of years:…
HS-ESS2-3 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Systems – Evidence Statement 3 HS-ESS2-3: Develop a model based on evidence of Earth’s interior to describe the cycling of matter by thermal convection. [ClarificationStatement: Emphasis is on both a one-dimensional model of Earth,with radial layers determined by density, and a three-dimensional model,which is controlled by mantle convection and the resulting plate tectonics. Examples of evidence include maps of Earth’s three-dimensional structure obtained from seismic…
HS-ESS2-2 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Systems – Evidence Statement 2 HS-ESS2-2: Analyze geoscience data to make the claim that one change to Earth’s surface can create feedbacks that cause changes to other Earth systems. [Clarification Statement: Examples should include climate feedbacks, such as how an increase in greenhouse gases causes a rise in global temperatures that melts glacial ice, which reduces the amount of sunlight reflected from Earth’s surface, increasing…
HS-ESS2-1 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Systems – Evidence Statement 1 HS-ESS2-1: Develop a model to illustrate how Earth’s internal and surface processes operate at different spatial and temporal scales to form continental and ocean-floor features. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on how the appearance of land features (such as mountains, valleys, and plateaus) and sea-floor features (such as trenches, ridges, and seamounts) are a result of both constructive forces (such as…
HS-ESS1-6 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Place in the Universe – Evidence Statement 6 HS-ESS1-6: Apply scientific reasoning and evidence from ancient Earth materials, meteorites, and other planetary surfaces to construct an account of Earth’s formation and early history. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on using available evidence within the solar system to reconstruct the early history of Earth, which formed along with the rest of the solar system 4.6 billion years…
HS-ESS1-5 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Place in the Universe – Evidence Statement 5 HS-ESS1-5: Evaluate evidence of the past and current movements of continental and oceanic crust and the theory of plate tectonics to explain the ages of crustal rocks. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the ability of plate tectonics to explain the ages of crustal rocks. Examples include evidence of the ages oceanic crust increasing with distance from mid-ocean…
HS-ESS1-4 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Place in the Universe – Evidence Statement 4 HS-ESS1-4: Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on Newtonian gravitational laws governing orbital motions, which apply to human-made satellites as well as planets and moons.] [Assessment Boundary: Mathematical representations for the gravitational attraction of bodies and Kepler’s Laws of orbital motions should not…
HS-ESS1-3 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Place in the Universe – Evidence Statement 3 HS-ESS1-3: Communicate scientific ideas about the way stars, over their life cycle, produce elements. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the way nucleosynthesis, and therefore the different elements created, varies as a function of the mass of a star and the stage of its lifetime.] [Assessment Boundary: Details of the many different nucleosynthesis pathways for stars of differing…
HS-ESS1-2 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Place in the Universe – Evidence Statement 2 HS-ESS1-2: Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the astronomical evidence of the red shift of light from galaxies as an indication that the universe is currently expanding, the cosmic microwave background as…
HS-ESS1-1 Evidence Statement
Earth and Space Science: Earth’s Place in the Universe – Evidence Statement 1 HS-ESS1-1: Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the life span of the sun and the role of nuclear fusion in the sun’s core to release energy that eventually reaches Earth in the form of radiation. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the energy transfer mechanisms that allow energy from nuclear fusion in the sun’s core to…